Sometimes used generally to refer to all the various states of samadhi (q.v.) experienced in
meditation, but specifically the first state of samadhi, wherein one drops ego-consciousness and
realizes his self as soul, made in the image of God. Thence follow the higher states of realization:
Christ consciousness and cosmic consciousness (q.v.).
Trinity. When Spirit manifests creation, It becomes the Trinity: Father, Son, Holy Ghost, or Sat, Tat,
Aum. The Father (Sat) is God as the Creator existing beyond creation (Cosmic Consciousness).
The Son (Tat) is God’s omnipresent intelligence existing in creation (Christ Consciousness or
Kutastha Chaitanya). The Holy Ghost (Aum) is the vibratory power of God that objectifies and
becomes creation.
Vedas. The four scriptural texts of the Hindus: Rig Veda, Sama Veda, Yajur Veda, and Atharva Veda.
They are essentially a literature of chant, ritual, and recitation for vitalizing and spiritualizing all
phases of man’s life and activity. Among the immense texts of India, the Vedas (Sanskrit root vid,
“to know”) are the only writings to which no author is ascribed. The Rig Veda assigns a celestial
origin to the hymns and tells us they have come down from “ancient times,” reclothed in new
language. Divinely revealed from age to age to the rishis, “seers,” the four Vedas are said to
possess nityatva, “timeless finality.”
Yoga. From Sanskrit yuj, “union.” The highest connotation of the word yoga in Hindu philosophy is
union of the individual soul with Spirit through scientific methods of meditation. Within the larger
spectrum of Hindu philosophy, Yoga is one of six orthodox systems: Vedanta, Mimamsa, Sankhya,
Vaisesika, Nyaya, and Yoga. There are also various types of yoga methods: Hatha Yoga, Mantra
Yoga, Laya Yoga, Karma Yoga, Jnana Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, and Raja Yoga. Raja Yoga, the “royal” or
complete yoga, is that which is taught by Self-Realization Fellowship, and which Bhagavan
Krishna extols to his disciple Arjuna in the Bhagavad Gita: “The yogi is greater than body-
disciplining ascetics, greater even than the followers of the path of wisdom or of the path of action;
be thou, O Arjuna, a yogi!” (Bhagavad Gita VI:46). The sage Patanjali, foremost exponent of
Yoga, has outlined eight definite steps by which the Raja Yogi attains samadhi, or union with God.
These are (1) yama, moral conduct; (2) niyama, religious observances; (3) asana, right posture; (4)
pranayama, control of prana, subtle life currents; (5) pratyahara, interiorization, withdrawal of the
senses from external objects; (6) dharana, concentration, (7) dhyana, meditation; and (8) samadhi,
superconscious experience; union with God.
yogi. One who practices Yoga (q.v.). Anyone who practices a scientific technique for divine
realization is a yogi. He may be either married or unmarried, either a man of worldly
responsibilities or one dedicated to formal religious vows.
Yogoda Satsanga Society of India. The name by which Paramahansa Yogananda’s society is known
in India. The Society was founded in 1917 by Paramahansa Yogananda. Its headquarters, Yogoda
Math, is situated on the banks of the Ganges at Dakshineswar, near Calcutta. Yogoda Satsanga
Society has a branch math at Ranchi, Jharkhand (formerly Bihar), and many branch centers. In
addition to Yogoda meditation centers throughout India, there are twenty-two educational
institutions, from primary through college level. Yogoda, a word coined by Paramahansa
Yogananda, is derived from yoga, union, harmony, equilibrium; and da, that which imparts.
“Satsanga” is composed of sat, truth, and sanga, fellowship. For the West, Sri Yogananda
translated the Indian name as “Self-Realization Fellowship.”